Proper maintenance will significantly lengthen the life of our pavement system, but eventually rehabilitation or reconstruction is required. In many cases more than one technique or combination of techniques will be used to solve a specific problem. Crack sealing in pavement before the cracks can develop into potholes is one of the most effective means of maintain asphalt pavement and extending service life for the least cost. It is very important that it be done properly and promptly. The prompt repair of small asphalt pavement defects will have significant impacts on reducing costs, because once an area is open to the intrusion of water, a larger failure can result.
There are five basic maintenance operations used to care for asphalt pavement surfaces:
Deep patching, which consists of the excavation and reconstruction of fairly contained areas.
Skin patching, a surface repair for distortion, wear, settlement, and extensive surface damage. This may consist of excavation and repair, leveling course and overlay.
Crack Sealing, a repair of cracking in the pavement. This consists of filling the crack with a hot bituminous material after the crack has been heat-lanced or blown free of debris and moisture.
Chip Seal, a repair process selected when the deterioration of the surface has gone beyond repair with crack sealing. This consists of placing an emulsified asphalt on the surface and covering it with a clean, angular, uniformly-sized aggregate.
Rehabilitation – reconstruction, consisting of the repair and complete rebuilding of the subgrade and wearing surface.
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